Indo-British combination, marked new strain!

Coronavirus is gradually changing its nature. This time Vietnam has identified a new hybrid variant of the Indian strain and the British strain. Health Minister Nguyen Thang Long said the new mixed variant was able to float in the air and spread quickly. It is much more contagious than other variants.

Vietnam kept the infection under control from the beginning. So far the total number of infections is only 6,396. 47 people died. There was no exaggeration. But the picture is different from April this year. The infection is spreading fast. In the small country, more than half of all infections (about 3,600) were transmitted in April. Health Minister Nuen said, "We did gene sequencing. It found a strain on the body of a Corona patient, which is a mixture of Indian and British strains. To put it more bluntly, it was actually Britain's strain. Indian strain mixed with it. A report published in a Vietnamese daily says that the government will soon officially announce the train.

So far 7 strains have been identified in Vietnam. B.1.222, B.1.619, D614G, B1.1.7(Britain Strain), B1.351, A23.1 and B.1.617.2(Indian Strain). It has been known so far about the new mixed variant that, it is much more contagious than the other strains. It can replicate very quickly. "Because of this, it has spread rapidly in different parts of the country in a very short period of time," Health Minister Nguyen Thang Long said.

The highly contagious B.1.617 strain was first found in Pakistan. Pakistan has blocked tourist entry from neighbor India since April. Even then, the country's health ministry lamented that the infection could not be prevented. Pakistan reported B.1.617 infection by releasing genome sequencing samples collected in the first week of May. Seven B.1.351(South African strain) and one B.1.617.2(Indian strain) were detected in the genome sequence.

Vaccination is the only hope of such horrific mutations in the virus, the creation of new strains and the increase in infectivity. Experts fear that children will be most affected. Vaccination of adolescents has already begun in the United States and Canada. This time the European Union (EU) also approved the Pfizer-Bioentech covid antidote for 12 to 15 year olds. The European Medicine Agency (EMA), the vaccine regulator, said that, primarily there is no problems with the vaccine in the trial of the adolescents. No such side effects is observed. Germany has already announced that vaccinations will start from next month, to the youths elder than 12 years. EU Health Commissioner Stella Kyriakaids said: "We are
moving closer to eradicating the virus." But vaccination is not being made compulsory. The parents will decide whether the child will be vaccinated or not.

Babies whose breastfeeding mothers have received the corona vaccine will also get protection, a ray of hope in new research!

Vaccinated mothers can help their newborns develop immunity to Covid-19 disease by breastfeeding.

A new study has been published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). According to the study, the Covid 19 vaccine accelerates the release of antibodies in breast milk. Breast milk may contain these antibodies for up to 6 weeks after vaccination.

Pediatricians Dr. Daniel Fisher and pediatricians at Providence St. Jones Health Center in Santa Monica, California, found such information. To them it’s ‘incredibly encouraging’. The presence of antibodies in the body of children has been observed for several weeks. "We're starting to protect mothers from coronary heart disease," Fischer said. So that they can pass it on the baby's body. '

What has been said in the survey?

The survey was conducted in Israel between December 23 and January 15. At first, mothers of newborns were not included in the vaccination program. But later they were encouraged to take the vaccine.

Whether or not SARS Cove 2 antibodies are secreted in breast milk was a matter for researchers. The survey was conducted on 64 women. They were given Pfizer-Bioentech vaccine after 21 days.

The researchers collected samples of breast milk two weeks after the first vaccination. After that, they continue to collect samples once a week. Samples were collected in this way for 6 weeks.

Significant maturation of anti-SARS Cov 2, especially IgA antibody levels, occurs 2 weeks after the first vaccination. Significant improvement in antibody levels occurred after the second vaccination.

Research is also being done on its adverse effects on mother and child. Vaccine side effects occur in some women. Four children were diagnosed with fever, cold and congestion. 3 of them passed away without any treatment. A child is cured with antibiotics. No women or children experienced serious adverse reactions during the survey. "The solution to the survey is very encouraging," Fisher said.

What to know if you are pregnant or breastfeeding your baby:-

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Covid 19 vaccine is not considered a risk factor for babies during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Many doctors have also encouraged pregnant and breastfeeding women to do the same, Fisher said. "Get vaccinated, because a little bit of security is better than nothing," he said. There is no vaccine for children at this time. We all know the importance of breast milk. This kind of security cannot be achieved with Formula Milk. '

Note that this study was conducted on the Pfizer vaccine. He added, ‘Pfizer and Mordana vaccines work in a similar way and provide protection. So the results of Mordana can be guessed. 'Both of these are messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines. "I strongly advise everyone to get vaccinated," Fischer said. Especially pregnant and breastfeeding mothers. But nothing can be said right now about the Johnson & Johnson vaccine. Because the mechanism of its work is different. '

The Johnson & Johnson vaccine process is currently on hold. Some of the adverse reactions caused by this vaccine are currently under investigation.

Fisher explains that, ‘after Johnson & Johnson’s safety test, it would work well as an alternative. They need to do more research, which will help them gain a better understanding of how to pass antibodies in children. Pfizer and Mordana are currently doing well among the children. '

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine (ABM) have also recommended that breastfeeding women be vaccinated. Tick-stimulated antibodies and T-cells are inactivated in milk. Antibodies transmitted in milk are able to protect the baby from SARS-Cove-2 virus infection. Experts from the two organizations also say that pregnant and lactating women should be given the opportunity to participate in the vaccination.

However, how long these antibodies will remain in children is still a matter of debate. In conclusion it can be said that the results of any accurate research in this matter have not yet been found. Therefore, a doctor's advice must be taken before taking the vaccine.

These are the foods that should be included in the diet, not just a handful of multivitamins to fight corona.

 

Vitamins play the role of bodyguard as a whole. In this corona atmosphere whose demand is doubled. However, adhering to a balanced diet every day rather than a handful of multivitamin tablets can meet the need for essential vitamins.

Woke up

Start the day by mixing lemon and honey in any herbal detox water or hot water. Honey, however, mixes with very hot water to form a chemical compound called HMF. Damage if it enters the body for a long time. Carcinogenic components. In addition, the vitamin C present in lemons is lost in overheating. So you have to eat lemon and honey in a little warm water every day. Honey contains Vitamin C, B5, Niacin, B2 and many more phytochemicals.

At breakfast

Breakfast should be eaten on a full stomach. You can keep oats, dahlia, cornflakes, hand-made bread or crackers. These cereals are rich in vitamin B complex with fiber, but oats also contain a small amount of biotin and vitamin C. Can eat milk or eggs. Both are packed with vitamins. Milk contains B2, 3, 6, 5, folic acid, vitamins C, A, D. A small amount of vitamin E, K. Eggs are rich in B complex, vitamins A, D, E. With it, any salad or vegetable must be included in the list. Red and orange vegetables are rich in beta carotene and other vegetables are rich in vitamins C, E, K and folic acid. Like vegetables, any seasonal fruit also has a lot of micronutrients. Lemons, guavas, ripe papayas, mangoes, watermelons, blackberries, jasmine, etc., any fruit should be eaten between snacks and lunch. Fruits are essential in our diet as they contain lots of antioxidants with vitamin C, beta carotene, E, B complex.

At noon

Rice is rich in vitamin B complex. Can keep with pulses. It contains vitamin C. Fish is a source of omega three fatty acids. Also contains vitamin D and B complex. All in all, fish soup is an excellent source of vitamins, along with protein and carbohydrates. This summer, I would also like to eat pantabhat once or twice a week. This greatly increases the levels of vitamin B12, like a fan for fermentation. It is better to have a thin broth with raw mango. Which is rich in vitamins C, A, B6 and K. Afternoon glass of sour yogurt yogurt rich in pro-biotic. There is also vitamin B complex and some vitamin C. With the addition of two or three almonds, it will help control blood cholesterol levels. With niacin, folate, thiamine etc. vitamins.

Evening and night

In any season, you can eat salad or sprouts with a little muri or chirebhaja in the evening. Sprouted gram or mug but rich in fiber and vitamin C. Many people avoid meat at night, you can eat cheese or soybean instead. Cheese is rich in vitamin B complex. Soy chunks, on the other hand, contain vitamins C, K and thiamine. Yellow milk can be eaten according to the protein requirement at bedtime. Along with protein, you will also get lots of antioxidants and vitamins.

While we can get enough vitamins from a balanced diet, taking multivitamin medications separately means putting your body at risk. The side effects of hypervitaminosis can be serious at any time. So eat proper and moderate food, exercise regularly, then no disease can be overcome.

Why is the death rate of men in Corona higher? Sex hormones hide the secrets!

Coronavirus kills more men than women. Scientists began research to find the cause after the matter came to light. This time the study came up with sensational information. Men are able to overcome this virus for the sex hormone testosterone.

St. Louis, a researcher at the University of Washington's School of Medicine, recently claimed that low levels of the sex hormone testosterone in men increase the risk of complications. Abhinav Diwan, a professor in the Department of Medicine at the University of Washington, said the presence of testosterone in the body at the time of coronary heart disease was thought to be harmful. But research has found the opposite is true for men. Corona-infected people who have low levels of testosterone in their body do not have more corona in their body. Compared to those who have high levels of this sex hormone in their body, Corona cannot affect their body in that way.

To prove this point, blood samples were collected from 90 male and 82 female covid patients at Barnis and Jaish Hospitals in St. Louis. Hormone levels in the blood are also measured. For the first time, 3, 6, 14, and 28 days after the blood sample was collected, the researchers collected their blood again and checked the levels of hormones in the body.

In the case of men, only the presence of testosterone is associated with the coronavirus, the study found. Men with mild symptoms have an average of 151 nanograms of testosterone in their body. Meanwhile, in the case of critically ill male covid patients, the amount is 45 nanograms. Research has shown that low levels of testosterone in the body increase the tendency to keep the victim on a ventilator. In the case of corona coronavirus, the absence of testosterone in the male body can lead to more than one disease.

According to a report published in the journal Nature in 2020, coronaviruses are three times more prevalent in men than in women. Testosterone is the most common cause of coronavirus death in men, says research.

Lost taste and smell due to corona? How to get well quickly if you eat, experts said

 

Coronavirus has been showing its dominance since the beginning of last year. Currently, the second wave of this deadly virus has put the countrymen to sleep. Hundreds of millions of people have already been affected across the country. At the moment we all almost understand that taste or odorlessness may be the first symptom of being infected with this virus. According to an American magazine, out of six million corona infections, about 6 percent of patients with mild to moderate infections lose their sense of smell. At the same time, the number of patients who have lost their sense of taste is almost the same.

 

Dr. Jennifer Prabhu has come up with a number of recipes and strategies to restore your taste and smell after the effects of coronavirus have gone away. In his words, there is a daily habit that will stimulate the olfactory nerves and help them return to normal.

 

Sour - If you start your diet with something sour like pickles, lemons or tamarind, it will stimulate your salivary glands. It can enhance the taste of the rest of your food.

 

Umami - Umami literally means "taste addiction" in Japanese. It is now considered the fifth flavor (including sweet, sour, bitter and salty). Umami foods like soy sauce, garlic, miso, mushrooms, potatoes and truffles also help stimulate your salivary glands.

 

Spicy - Capsaicin, the main ingredient in many spicy foods, has the ability to improve the function of the olfactory and nerve glands.

 

Chocolate - There is no excuse to eat chocolate, right? Believe it or not, the taste of chocolate is the only taste you can get even if you lose it.

 

Texture - You can use different types of textures in your food list according to the above topics. If soft texture is a problem for you, you can also eat some crunchy foods. Sometimes it is easier to eat drinkable food.

 

Temperature - It has been observed that many corona patients prefer cold food to hot food. In that case you can eat it without heating it. In this case you try to eat cold soup.

 

Most importantly, try not to be discouraged at this point. You need to keep trying different foods to get your taste buds back on track. If this week, no particular food tastes good, try again in a few days. This way you can notice changes and improvements in your taste.

 

Let's take a look at two recipes as a way to change the taste:

v CHICKPEA MISO LEMON NOODLE SOUP

Materials:

· 1 teaspoon olive oil

· 1 small red or white onion is crushed

· 4 cloves of garlic, finely chopped

· 5 cups or about 1 liter vegetable broth (5 cups water + 5 teaspoons broth powder can be used)

· 1.5 cups uncooked pasta

A lemon juice

· Miso 2 tablespoons

Salt, like pepper to taste

Method:

1. Heat the oil in a medium-sized pan over low heat.

2. Add a pinch of salt, onion and garlic. Cook for a few minutes until translucent.

3. Boil the broth for 20-30 minutes.

4. Now add gram and pasta to it - cook for about 10 minutes. Reduce the flame.

5. Now add miso, stir enough so that it is not bitter.

. Add lemon juice, salt and pepper to taste.

. Serve immediately with some fried onions.

 

 

 

v Vegan Mexican Chocolate Breakfast Smoothie (VEGAN MEXICAN CHOCOLATE BREAKFAST SMOOTHIE)

Materials:

1/2 cup oats

· 1 cup vegetable milk (nuts, soy, coconut, oats)

· 1 tablespoon cocoa powder or chocolate syrup

· 1 teaspoon cinnamon powder

· 1/4 teaspoon red chilli powder

1-2 teaspoons of brown sugar, honey or maple syrup

· 1 banana, pre-cut and refrigerated for at least 6 hours

Method:

1. Combine all ingredients except banana in a bowl, cover and keep the mixture in a cool place overnight.

2. The next morning, blend the banana and the above mixture well with a blender.

3. Serve immediately.

Corona-Black Fungus: Children are at risk in the third wave of black fungus, experts said!

How can children be protected until they are vaccinated?

We are currently awaiting the results of clinical trials on children. And we hope to get results soon. Meanwhile, adults in the family have a responsibility to protect children from corona virus infection. Because they can be a carrier of infection in children. Second, all children over the age of 2 are required to wear a mask. Can avoid group sports. Children should eat a variety of nutritious foods to maintain immunity.

What are the early symptoms of covid, which parents should take note of?

Most children have mild fever, cough, nausea, thin stools, irritation, sore throat, body aches and fatigue. These are normal symptoms of any seasonal flu. The family doctor or pediatrician uses paracetamol or other common medicines to solve all these problems.

We recommend that parents maintain a general symptom chart at home that you can share with your physicians. And you are personally advised to take a day off from work and take care of the kids at home.

What is Black Fungus? Could it be children?

Back Fungus or Mucormycosis Infection is a rare fungal infection. The fungus usually cannot infect a healthy person with an immune system. People with weakened immune systems can be infected. That is why they are called opportunistic microorganisms. Children with covidosis are less likely to be infected than adults. However, we should be careful when monitoring children while in the ICU.

Since the virus is airborne, shouldn't children be allowed out of the house?

According to the new guidelines, droplets can spread the infection up to 10 meters, so it is recommended that children not be allowed to play on the common playground. Leaving home must be avoided. Wearing a mask is mandatory. Children over the age of 2 should wear masks in public places and outside the home. In addition to the mask, a distance of 6 feet must be maintained.

If someone in the family (with whom the child is) has coronary symptoms or covid positive report, the child should wear a mask at home.

When will the vaccine for children be available? Do they have to take two doses?

Vaccines for 12-year-olds are expected to be available by September 2021; After that, it will take another six to eight months for children under 12 to be vaccinated. They must take two doses.

It is known that children will be most affected in the third wave of Corona. Why?

There is no evidence yet that the Kovid 19 virus can be fatal to children. The first wave has a greater impact on the elderly and the second wave on adults, so many in this group have developed immunity. In addition, they have received the benefit of vaccination. Which is not available to those under 18 years of age. So there is a risk of them becoming infected. Since this section is about 40 percent of the total population of the country, it is likely to spread among children when the third wave arrives.

If a child is already infected and healthy, how long will the immunity last?

Immunity after a covid infection can last from six months to decades. However, the exact duration of this protection is not yet known.

What kind of food can help boost a baby's immune system?

A balanced, nutritious, iron and protein rich diet, multivitamins and other micronutrients can help boost immunity. Good sleep and a balanced lifestyle, including physical activity and play, are expected to play a role in boosting immunity.

Dr. replied. Dr. Samir Hasan Dalwai, National Joint Secretary, Indian Academy of Pediatrics and Developmental Behavioral Pediatrician, New Horizon Child Development Center, Mumbai. Dr Ganesh Kulkarni, Senior Pediatrician, former member of the National Executive Board of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics and Director of Sanjivani Children's Hospital, Aurangabad.

Black Fungus: How do you know if you are infected with Black Fungus? Who is more at risk of death?

 

While the world is battling the second wave of Covid-19, another infection, the fungus mycorrhizae, has slowly spread to the bodies of a few people admitted for the treatment of Covid-19, causing death. Mucormycosis, also known as "black fungus", is caused by a type of mold called mycorrhizae that is present in our surroundings. Although the presence of effective agents is sufficient, the disease itself is rare and affects those who are heavily immunocompromised and have comorbidities such as diabetes.

Covid-19 causes inflammation or swelling of the lungs which reduces the ability of the lungs to process oxygen. To relieve this, many patients are given steroid injections that reduce inflammation. Although steroids provide some benefits, they also lower a person's immune system to fight infection. In such cases, myocardial infarction is prone. The disease affects the sinuses and lungs and presents with symptoms such as swelling on one side of the mouth, severe headache, nasal congestion, black sores on the nose or upper part of the mouth, chest pain, shortness of breath, etc.

The risk of infection is higher for those who have a pre-existing illness such as diabetes with kidney function, cancer, long-term use of steroids and low levels of white blood cells (neutropenia). In case of infection, antifungal drugs are applied intravenously or intravenously, often surgical removal of infected tissue may also be recommended.

Although the incidence of myocardial infarction is still rare, it is recommended that everyone take the necessary precautions to avoid possible infections. To do this, wearing a mask is one of the best ways to prevent the entry of fungal germs into your respiratory tract. An N95 mask or double mask (3 ply inside and cloth mask on the outside) is proven enough. Maintaining good sanitation at home and around you helps reduce fungal growth. This is the area where water watchers are the main ones. When wearing protective equipment such as gloves, masks, shoes should be performed when shooting activities where there is a possibility of contact with the soil. Those who have any of the above mentioned comorbidities should take thorough precautions to avoid infection.

The incidence of post-covid-19 infections of myocardial infarction in India is on the rise and it is suggested that every person who was infected or infected with Covid-19 should take necessary steps to avoid infection. Anyone who shows signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction should report it to the nearest government hospital immediately and seek immediate treatment. Feeling. Medications required for myocardial infarction are not widely available and there is a lack of awareness about the disease. It is therefore essential that when the system is ready for the treatment of this potentially deadly infection, people should cooperate with the medical fraternity by following the necessary preventive measures.

Two different species, two completely different diseases, black fungus and mucormycosis!

 

 

Black fungus has become the cause of new headaches in the corona atmosphere. Many people also call this fungal infection as mucormycosis!

 

But are black fungus and mycorrhizae one?

"Black fungus and mucorrhoea are completely different," said Arunalok Chakraborty, president of the International Society for Human and Animal Micrology and a professor at the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research in Chandigarh.

 

Experts say mucormycosis is a rare infection. This infection occurs when you come in contact with a fungus called mucor. The fungus is commonly found in soil, plants, perishable fruits and vegetables. Experts believe that it can be found anywhere in the environment. But even though Corona is healthy, the immune system of many of them reaches the bottom. That's when this kind of fungus settles in the body. In addition, patients who have been in the ICU for long periods of time and who have uncontrolled diabetes are more likely to have this type of infection in their body. The central and state governments have also used the term mucorrhoea in guidelines or letters.

 

Doctors say the initial symptoms of the disease are infections of the nose, eyes and brain. Initially, pain in one side of the mouth, loss of vision or 'double vision' are the symptoms of this disease. In addition, nasal congestion, black or brown runny nose can be a symptom of this disease. In addition, myocardial infarction can infect multiple organs, including the lungs. If treatment is not started immediately, the consequences can be fatal.

Regarding the causes of coronary heart disease in patients with coronary heart disease or coronary artery disease, Arunalok said, "In general, coronary artery disease is more focused on maintaining its oxygen saturation. In that case, controlling the patient's blood sugar level is neglected in many cases. In fact, coronary heart disease is one of the most common causes of coronary heart disease. Day-to-day steroid use and misuse of these steroids can also increase the risk of myocardial infarction in patients with coronary heart disease. "

 

Even without diabetes, coronary heart disease is seen to be increasing in many people. In this case, the doctors told them to be afraid.

 

Rupali Dey, superintendent of microbiology at the Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, said, "Black fungus and mycorrhiza are completely different. In our medical terminology, black fungus is shown as a completely different infection. Which is not accompanied by myocardial infarction. "

 

Virologist Nimai Bhattacharya said, “Black fungus and mucormycosis are not one in the same. Black fungus is a fungus of the genus Demeticus. If you put it under the microscope, you can see its color is black. Myocardial infarction is by no means black. Fungus of the genus Mycobacterium zygomycitis.

 

Experts say that doctors should be consulted as soon as the initial symptoms, including nasal congestion and black or brown runny nose, are seen. Experts believe that any kind of disaster can be easily prevented if the treatment is started at an early stage. According to them, myocardial infarction is more dangerous than black fungus in a corona patient. Blank fungus can be prevented with simple immunity. However, doctors said that it is not possible to say now what will happen in the future.

Myocardial infarction is not new, it was before!

Fungal infections (mucormycosis infections) cause new headaches in the corona state. This fungal infection is also called mucormycosis. Although healthy in corona, the immune system of many people reaches the bottom. That's when this kind of fungus settles in the body. In addition, patients who have been in the ICU for long periods of time and who have uncontrolled diabetes are more likely to have this type of infection in their body. Madhusmita Behera, eminent physician at Rotary Narayana Netralaya, is not new to mucormycosis. It was before. Currently, covid is more prevalent in patients. As a result, more people know about it.

According to her, some people get mucormycosis infection after recovering from corona. He said that after recovering from corona, the immune system reaches the bottom. The lungs and heart are usually affected by the virus.

If a patient has co-morbidity at that time, then their body is more prone to this kind of infection. At first it was small in size but later it became dangerous. The infection enters the body mainly through the nose and eyes. It attacks the person's sinuses and lungs. This can cause swelling of one side of the face. Severe headache, black sores on the upper part of the nose and mouth, chest pain, shortness of breath, poor eyesight may occur. Fever, headache, reddening of the skin. Symptoms include swelling around the nose and eyes, swelling of the eyelids, and pain in the mouth.

But, how do I know if I have myocardial infarction?

The doctor said that we should do some tests to find out if the covid patient has mucormycosis in his body. Such as- ENT should be examined by doctor, diagnostic, endoscopy, MRI scan. This type of infection can be treated with treatment if caught early.

Early diagnosis will reduce the mortality rate. If you experience any abnormal symptoms after coughing, be sure to be alert and consult a doctor.

New drugs to treat COVID-19 in Australia

The whole world is devastated by the Coronavirus. In this situation, a team of Australian scientists came up with a new drug to deal with Covid-19. But not one, but two. Researchers claim that these two drugs will not only prevent the patient from being infected with Covid-19, but also prevent the disease from taking a deadly shape in the patient's body.

Researchers at the QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute reported that after the two drugs entered the human body, the coronavirus, instead of the coronavirus, the virus's response to the virus's entry into the human body caused the virus. In their study, the scientists said that the drug was developed after learning about an unknown mechanism by which the virus enters human body cells.

To make this drug, researchers developed two types of peptides that would block the virus from entering the human body. So far, this research has been done on the blood cells and human cells of patients infected with Covid-19. Infectious Disease Models and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT), based in France, is currently administering the drug to several rats. The researchers said they found very promising results in the test. They also stated that the drug is not toxic and has very few side effects.

Researchers also say that these drugs work well at normal home temperatures. As a result, there will be no problem in distributing these drugs. Experiments have shown that the first drug blocks the spread of the disease by blocking the ACE2 receptor in human cells. As a result, the virus mistakenly thinks that these trapped peptides are human cells and gets stuck there. As a result, the spread of infection can be prevented effortlessly. But even then, if the virus is able to enter the human body, the second drug is capable of attacking the way the virus attacks and increasing its number in the human body. The drug also enhances the human body's resistance to disease and its ability to recognize the virus.

Sudha Rao, head of QIMR Berghofer’s Gene Regulation and Translational Medicine Group and one of the members of the study, said that if the clinical trial was successful, the first drug could be given to people with the vaccine. As a result, the virus will not be able to settle in the cells of the human body. The second drug, on the other hand, can be used to prevent the spread of the virus in infected patients.

Nabila Siddiqui, another scientist at IDMIT, said that the new Covid-19 strains that are coming, these drugs may also be effective on those strains. He also said that these two drugs may be effective for those who cannot be vaccinated.

Clouds accumulated in the sky of Jupiter! Unknown information from a picture taken by NASA's powerful camera

 

Rows of accumulated clouds. A South African astronomer has previously reported that clouds are gathering over a large area of ​​Jupiter. Pictures of NASA's powerful telescope, named Juno, prove that the claim of that astronaut named Clyde Foster is true. After seeing those pictures on the last 15th, Aplut scientists named this part of Jupiter after Clyde. Clyde's Spot is the name given to this part of Jupiter. NASA also announced this in a statement. As a result, astronomer Clyde Foster has become very important in the study of Jupiter at this moment.

Just 1 year ago, Clyde Foster saw that view of Jupiter with his 14-inch telescope. Saw, condensed clouds moving upwards in the form of smoke in the weather surrounding Jupiter. Things are happening at least twice as much as the 14-inch telescope of Clyde that was visible throughout. This area of ​​Jupiter is known as the 'South Temperate Belt'. Scientists have seen images sent by NASA's Juno that Clyde's observation through a small telescope was infallible, but he could see it on a much smaller scale. However, that part of Jupiter was named after Clyde out of respect for the ability to be so perfect in that telescope.

The cloud was seen over Jupiter's Great Red Spot, NASA said. This part is at least 1.3 times the size of the earth. However, this cloudy condition is very temporary. Even in Jupiter's weather, no environment is created for long. NASA's experienced scientists have understood this by analyzing the pictures sent by Juno well. South African scientist Clyde noticed that a new spot had formed on Jupiter's chest. He seemed to have a lot in common with methane gas. However, it disappeared after a while. This time, the scientists have solved the mystery of that disappearance through Juno. If there is a storm in the sky of Jupiter, its spread can be at least 320 kilometers. However, the accumulated cloud quickly moved away. So everything is very fleeting. Through Juno, a lot of unknown information about Jupiter came to light.

Survivors on Mars? Scientists are now analyzing organic salts to find the source of life

 

The possibility of the existence of life on Mars is further aroused. NASA scientists claim that the red planet contains organic salt. They want to analyze it. However, the initial guess of NASA scientists is that the salt contains the optimal material for the life of the organisms. They made the claim based on data from NASA's Mars Curiosity rover.

According to a report published in the Journal of Geophysical Research, planets that are full of elements and compounds such as iron, magnesium, calcium, oxalate, and acetate, produce organic salts in their oxidation process as a result of solar radiation. The level of organic salt in the soil of Mars is similar. Scientists believe that many ancient microbial life may exist within this layer.

According to NASA, knowing these details will be of great benefit to future Mars missions. The existence of some animals here can further help in the formation of oxalate and acetate compounds. In the words of James Lewis, a scientist who led the study, "If the character of organic salts on Mars' soil is analyzed to see what elements it contains, then there will be a definite idea of ​​the carbon cycle on Mars." And that is the only way to understand whether there was a chance of survival or not. ”

NASA's Curiosity rover uses a technology to identify organic matter on Mars. It is a combined technology of Mass Spectrometry and Thermal Extraction. The goal is to know not only today's Mars, but also the environment of Mars thousands of years ago. And from there, they have an idea about the source of life. According to scientist Lewis, the search for the biochemistry of Mars billions of years ago is underway. His idea is that the soil of the red planet contains silica powder, perchlorate. This perchlorate is a compound of oxygen and chlorine. And that could be the main source of oxygen. But everything is still testing.

Martin Luther of the United States, inspired by Gandhiji's ideals

 

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi or Mahatma Gandhi is one of the heroic leaders of India's freedom struggle. This year marks the 151st birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the Indian nation. Gandhiji was born on 2 October 186
9 in the city of Porbandar in Gujarat. On the one hand he was one of the freedom fighters of India and on the other hand he was the culmination of a spiritual consciousness. Non-violence was his only vow. The Satyagraha movement and the non-cooperation movement were led by Mahatma Gandhi to protest against dictatorship in India. The main basis of this movement is the doctrine of non-violence. This was an important step towards the independence of India. Which was one of the inspirations of the freedom and rights movement of people all over the world. Throughout his life, Gandhiji followed the path of non-violence and truth in any situation. Numerous people have been inspired by his ideals. One of the many people in the world is Martin Luther King Jr. of the United States who has been inspired by Gandhi's lifelong ideals. Martin Luther was born in Atlanta, USA. Inspired by Gandhiji, he launched a non-violent movement to establish civil rights and human rights for blacks in the United States. As a result, under his leadership, one day the blacks gained their rights. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1974 in recognition of his work. In the US House of Representatives in 2019, US Congressman John Lewis has demanded financial allocation to carry forward the ideology of Gandhiji and Martin Luther King Jr. He demanded an allocation of 150 million US dollars. He claims that this work will cost 30 million US dollars every year.

The relationship between Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. is close in terms of ideology, principles and sense of life, although they have never met face to face. Martin Luther King was just 19 years old when Mahatma Gandhi died. Later, Martin Luther got his idea about Gandhiji from his visit to India in 1959 and various writings of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhiji's influence is evident in every one of his works. Martin Luther was influenced by Gandhiji's doctrine of non-violence, as evidenced by his various speeches and works. During the civil rights movement, Martin Luther said, "We have followed Gandhi's path of non-violent social change during the Montgomery boycott."

Paying homage to Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther said, "I have learned a lot from Gandhi himself. When I was in theological school, I believed that the love described in Christianity was limited to relatives only. The solution to the problem is not through love, but through armed protest. That's when I read about Gandhi's ideology. Understand how to change society with love. Gandhi showed us the way. So ten years after his death, we are still grateful to him. ”

Martin Luther King Jr. adopted many of Mahatma Gandhi's doctrines as his life style. Not only that, through Martin Luther, the doctrine of non-violence spread to the United States as well as other countries of the world. There is currently a museum named after Martin Luther King Jr. in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, where all activities are preserved after his death. This museum has a huge statue of Mahatma Gandhi. There is also a special room for Gandhiji where special activities of his life are preserved which have given Martin Luther lifelong inspiration. In this way, the memory of Mahatma Gandhi remains on the soil of distant United States. In 2006, the United Nations General Assembly decided to observe October 2 as "World Day of Non-Violence." In this way, people not only in India but all over the world have paid homage to Mahatma Gandhi.

Yellow fungus is reddening the eyes after black and white! Learn to be careful

 

Although the graph of coronavirus infection in India is slowly declining, there are concerns about the number of deaths. Again, in the midst of this anxiety, various types of fungal infections are increasing. In addition to black fungus, there is also the infection of white fungus. Now there is a yellow fungus on the forehead.

Unhealthy environment, black fungus was seen due to excessive use of steroids in the treatment of corona. The disease has already started spreading in India. Increased pressure on health services. At a time when everyone is busy dealing with black fungus, news of white fungus and yellow fungus infections is coming from different cities of the country.

Remember, the symptoms of these three fungus infections, immunity  everything is different. That's why the discussion-

What is Yellow Fungus?

Although it is not a new disease. However, it is more harmful than white and black fungus. Doctors have warned about this. Because this fungus is affecting the internal organs of the body. An incident of yellow fungus in Ghaziabad has come to light recently.

The cause of yellow fungus:-

Like any other infection, it is primarily caused by an unhealthy environment. Unhealthy environments such as poor hygiene, dirty food are responsible for this fungus. Even steroid overdose and antibacterial medication are said to be the cause of the infection. Again, patients who have co-morbidity or whose immune system is very weak are also more likely to be infected.

Symptoms of yellow fungus:-

When infected with this fungus, pus or pass starts to come out inside the body. Wounds can take time to heal, paralysis, and in some cases even acute necrosis can be caused by yellow fungus.

In the early stages of the infection, patients may experience lethargy, fatigue. As it attacks the internal organs of the body, the organs are affected and the person begins to lose all his strength. Not getting hungry again, not eating well is also one of the symptoms. As a result, weight loss begins unexpectedly, and metabolism is weakened.

In some cases, the fungus also attacks the eyes. Red or squinted eyes indicate infection with yellow fungus.

What is black fungus?

Mucormycosis is also known as black fungus. It is born from a kind of mold. It is spread in our environment. This disease is rare. The fungus affects people with weakened immune systems and co-morbidity, such as diabetes. It can also spread through the air. However, healthy and immune people can be said to be safe from this fungus. This was stated by Dr. Nikhil Tandon, Professor, AIIMS and Head, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism.

The cause of the black fungus:-

Steroid injections are often used to treat patients with coronary heart disease. Which helps reduce inflammation of the airways. This steroid also reduces the ability to fight infections. Therefore, such patients are more prone to be infected by mycobacterium tuberculosis. People with diabetes, cancer, or kidney failure are also at greater risk. People who have had a decrease in the number of white blood cells due to long-term use of steroids can also be easily infected by this fungus.

It attacks the person's sinuses and lungs. This can cause swelling of one side of the face. Acute headache, black sores on the upper part of the nose and mouth, chest pain, shortness of breath, and poor eyesight are the symptoms of this fungus. According to AIIMS doctors, this can lead to problems eating later. It is not easy to open the mouth again. Not only that, this fungus can weaken the teeth and cause them to fall out.

However, doctors believe that controlled use of steroids and frequent blood sugar checks in corona sufferers can prevent this fungus.

According to some health experts, white fungus or aspergillosis is more dangerous than black fungus. Because it affects more than one part of the body. White fungus can infect the skin, stomach, kidneys, brain, genitals, etc.

Causes of White Fungus:-

Like black fungus, white fungus infection is more common in people with weakened immune systems. Patients with diabetes and cancer are also at risk. Not only this, those who have been using steroids for a long time or have been in ICU are also more prone to this disease.

Symptoms of White Fungus:-

AIIMS Professor Dr. Kaushal Verma said that the infection of this fungus first spreads from the tongue or genitals in the human body. Due to this the tongue becomes white.

According to doctors, the symptoms of this rare fungal infection are similar to those of the Sars-Cove 2 infection. It can also attack the lungs. It can be identified by CT scan.

However, cough, fever, diarrhea, black spots in the lungs, lack of oxygen is one of the common symptoms of this disease.

Black fungus is not contagious. It cannot enter from one person to another. AIIMS director Dr Randeep Guleria had earlier said it was not contagious. However, a person can be infected if they have a weak immune system. "90-95 percent of people had diabetes, and they were even given steroids," he said.

Molds that enter the environment through the respiratory process can cause fungal infections. Excessive humidity, foul smelling and contaminated food, uncleanliness are responsible for this infection.

The glowing universe in the eyes of gamma rays: the fate of the cosmic ray factory

 

July 2, 1986..... A very powerful gamma ray from the distant universe was suddenly caught on an American satellite monitoring the Soviets. With this coincidental discovery was born a new eye to see our universe - gamma ray astronomy! An unimaginably powerful cosmic ray or cosmic ray factory, which hid pulsars, supernova debris, as well as other extragalactic sources, began to find its trace. Could this powerful gamma ray cause our cancer?

Gamma-ray astronomy is an unprecedentedly beautiful and fascinating field of study in astronomy. Numerous very powerful charged particles are constantly raining down on our heads. We call this charged particle cosmic ray or cosmic ray. About 90% of cosmic rays are protons, 9% helium and the rest are high-mass atoms. The kinetic energy of cosmic rays is huge. So much so, that there is no laboratory or factory in our world that can give so much kinetic energy to any atom. But in the factory of nature, this powerful cosmic ray is constantly being produced.

Now naturally the question comes to our mind that how can the factory of nature be able to create such powerful particles? Gamma-ray astronomy helps us solve this puzzle of the universe. Gamma-ray astronomy is relatively new compared to other branches of astronomy. In the last 10 years, gamma-rays have entered the golden age of astronomy. Today we will learn about this new astronomy.

The measure of strength

First of all, we use the electron volt (eV) as a unit of energy in many departments of physics (1 eV = 1.6 x 10–12 erg). The kinetic energy of this cosmic ray or cosmic ray can be up to 1020 eV (i.e., twenty one zero after one). The magnitude of a tennis ball that travels at a speed of 90 kilometers per hour is equal to the speed of a tennis ball. However, the energy stored in this tennis ball is divided into 1024 atomic particles. Thus, the amount of energy contained in a particle of a tennis ball is less than 1 electron volt.

In the case of cosmic rays, on the other hand, this amount of energy, that is, 1020 eV energy, is stored in just one particle! Through this analysis we can understand what an infinite amount of energy this cosmic ray can contain. To date, we have been able to make a maximum of about 13 TeV of proton particles in the accelerator “Large Hadron Collider (LHC)” that we have developed in the CERN laboratory on the border of France and Switzerland for 20 years. (Teraelectron volts; 1 TeV = 1012 eV = 109 keV (kilo electron volts) = 108 MeV (mega electron volts) = 103 GeV (giga electron volts).) The energy of the cosmos is about a million times greater.

History of the discovery of cosmic rays

Let's turn the pages of history. The cosmic ray was discovered in 1912 by an Austrian researcher, Victor Hess. He used a gas balloon to rise from the surface to measure a type of radiation. We call this radiation ionization radiation and we use electroscope to measure this ionization. It was initially thought that this ionizing radiation was mainly caused by charged particles or radioactive rays coming from our surface. And as a result, its effects will gradually diminish as it moves upwards from the surface. Victor Hess tried to prove this conventional idea by experiment. He observed that the higher the balloon, the higher the effect of ionizing radiation. If this radiation were created for high-powered charged particles or radioactive rays emitted from the earth's surface, the effects of this radiation would gradually decrease with altitude. But Victor Hess saw the opposite.

From this unprecedented observation, Victor Hess concluded that the charge particles that cause this ionizing radiation are not coming from the surface, but from space, and that is why the effects of this radiation continue to increase with altitude. These charged particles are later called cosmic rays. Professor Hess was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1936 for this groundbreaking discovery.

We have countless cosmic factories in this vast expanse of space, where very high-potential positive and negative particles are constantly being accelerated. Now the question is, what are these factories? Where is their origin? How do we find these factories?

We know from a very general knowledge of physics that the motion of a charged particle bends as it passes through a magnetic field. The trajectory of charged cosmic rays also bends as they pass through the inter-galactic and interstellar magnetic fields. So when they reach the earth's surface, there is no way to know exactly where they came from. Therefore, we have no clear idea about the origin of this cosmic ray. This is where another type of wave, the electromagnetic gamma-ray wave, is of immense importance. This gamma ray can make it very easy for us to find those cosmic factories.

But, what is the relation of this cosmic ray with this electromagnetic wave?

The relationship between cosmic rays or cosmic rays and gamma rays is very deep! The cosmic ray radiates high-energy gamma rays after its birth by interacting with the surrounding magnetic field or relatively low-energy electromagnetic waves. The higher the energy of the cosmic ray, the higher the energy of the gamma ray.

Birth of gamma-ray astronomy

Gamma-ray astronomy began in a very unexpected way. In 1973, the United States and the Soviet Union signed an agreement banning the testing of nuclear weapons. Under the terms of this agreement, the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere or in reservoirs is strictly prohibited. The United States suspected that the Soviet Union could secretly test nuclear weapons. So America was secretly keeping an eye on the Soviet Union. As part of this surveillance, the United States sent several satellites into space, known as "Vela". Two of these satellites were equipped with gamma-ray detectors. The purpose was that the detection of any nuclear weapon on Earth would easily detect gamma-rays emitted from the radioactive material used in nuclear weapons. On July 2, 1967, a very strong gamma signal was intercepted on the satellite. Surprisingly, scientists found that the gamma radiation did not come from the earth's surface, but from a cosmic source.

The discovery of this cosmic gamma-ray gave birth to gamma-ray astronomy.

Gamma-ray diagnostic method

The power of gamma rays can vary greatly. So no detector is enough to test on gamma rays. It takes different types of detectors. A detector means that a signal is emitted when gamma rays fall on the device. We use satellites to detect less powerful gamma-rays (20 mega electron volts to 100 giga electron volts). And we use surface detectors to detect high-powered gamma-rays. Now naturally we can ask why low energy gamma-rays cannot be detected from the surface?

The gamma-ray satellite detector interacts with electrons and positrons. Part of this electron-positron manic pair detector, called a particle tracker, leaves traces of their own trajectory as they pass through it (Figure 2). From that pattern we can understand from which direction the gamma-ray is coming. Notable among the current satellite-based gamma-ray detectors is NASA's "Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT)".

This detector was launched in 2006. For 12 years, this satellite detector has been searching for the source of numerous gamma rays.

Gamma-rays, on the other hand, are indirectly detected in a very attractive way with a surface detector. Before saying this method, let me tell you a small incident.

We know that gamma-rays emitted from radioactive substances are very harmful. They are capable of creating cancer in our body. Again using them in a controlled manner, we also destroy cancer cells. The energy of this gamma ray (from kiloelectron volts to mega electron volts) is many times less than that of cosmic gamma rays. So now the question is, can this cosmic ray cause cancer in our body?

The answer is - "No". Our atmosphere continues to protect us from such a powerful gamma-ray that causes cancer. When gamma-rays enter our atmosphere, they interact with molecules / atoms in the atmosphere to form electrons and positrons. These high-energy electrons and positrons emit gamma-rays again, which again form pairs of electrons and positrons. This process continues until the energy of the gamma-rays created in the atmosphere is less than the minimum energy required to produce one pair of electrons and positrons. In this way a fountain of charged particles and light particles is created in the atmosphere, which we call an electromagnetic shower.

As these showers descend to the bottom of the atmosphere, these charged particles stimulate the atmosphere to form a large angular field of a kind of blue light that extends 150-200 meters above the surface, which we call the Cherenkov light pool. In this light pool we place our telescopes and detect that blue light, through which we get an image of the electromagnetic shower, which also indirectly helps to indicate the direction of gamma rays. Let me say that the characteristics of this blue light are different from the characteristics of other blue lights. And that's why by detecting it, we can easily pinpoint the direction of gamma rays. The amount of Cherenkov light produced in our atmosphere from low-energy gamma-rays is very small and is easily absorbed into the atmosphere, making them difficult to detect on the surface.

We have many surface-based gamma-ray telescopes in the world. One of them is the Magic (MAGIC: Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov) telescope. The telescope is located on the island of La-Palma in the Canary Islands of Spain.

Different forms of gamma source

Over the last 10-15 years, with this gamma-ray telescope, we have discovered numerous different sources of gamma-rays. We have found it in both galactic and extra galactic. The galaxy that our solar system belongs to is called the Milky Way, and the sources contained in this Milky Way are called the Galactic Source. And the sources outside our Milky Way are extragalactic. Notable among galactic sources is the supernova Remnant. There are also Pulsar, Pulsar Wind Nebula, Star Cluster, Binary System. Notable outside our Milky Way, the extragalactic source, is the active galactic nucleus, the nucleus of which is a black hole. There are also star burst galaxies where new stars are being born. They are all more or less cosmic ray factories. However, the characteristics and capabilities of each source are different. Through the identification of gamma rays from all these sources and their proper analysis, we can learn in detail about these cosmic ray factories. Through these discoveries we not only learn about these sources, but also through many basic researches in physics.